Required:
David Reinfurt, “A Million Random Digits,” from The Ecstatic Alphabet / Heaps of Language MoMA catalog
Intro and snippet from Jaron Lanier, Lapham’s Quarterly, “Communication,” Volume V, Number 2, Spring 2012
“Leftovers / The Art of Mechanical Reproduction” by Yara Flores, from Cabinet Magazine, Issue 37 (Bubbles)
“Utopian for Beginners” by Joshua Foer, The New Yorker, December 24, 2012
Optional:
Chapter 23: The Adventure of Automated Language-Translation Machines, from Is That a Fish In Your Ear, by David Bellos